Obituaries

Aron Kuppermann, a longtime California Institute of Technology researcher in the field of chemical physics who was known for theoretical studies of the dynamics of chemical reactions, died in California on Oct. 15 at 85. In the early 1970s, Kuppermann completed the world’s first complete three-dimensional quantum-mechanical calculation of a chemical reaction, a Caltech article […]

Ralph Steinman, whose research and discoveries in cell biology not only changed the field of immunology but also extended his own fight against pancreatic cancer, died Sep. 30, three days before he was awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine along with two other scientists. In the first incident of its type, the Nobel committee awarded […]